Indigenous science

Indigenous science is the application and intersection of Indigenous knowledge and science. In ecology this is sometimes termed traditional ecological knowledge.[1][2][3] Indigenous science is a holistic understanding of an Indigenous Nations territory or place. It follows the same methods of Western science including (but not limited to): observation, prediction, interpretation, questioning, etc...[4]

Traditional and scientific

Indigenous knowledge and experiences have traditionally been passed down orally from generation to generation.[5][6] The concept of Indigenous science promotes the idea that every culture has its own science and understanding of the world.[7] This point of view has been employed by scientists and policy makers to adopt new paradigms for the interpretation and human management of natural processes.[8][9] While there are differences in the use of and structure between Indigenous science and scientific knowledge, Indigenous science has an empirical basis and has traditionally been used to predict and understand the world.[10][11][12]

In ecology
Main article: traditional ecological knowledge

Indigenous science has helped to address ecological challenges including the restoration of salmon,[13] management of seabird harvests,[14] outbreaks of hantavirus,[15] and addressing wildfires.[16]

In other sciences

Climatology studies have made use of traditional knowledge (Qaujimajatuqangit) among the Inuit when studying long-term changes in sea ice.[17][18]

As well as in ecology, Indigenous knowledge has been used in biological areas including animal behaviour, evolution, physiology, life history, morphology, wildlife conservation, wildlife health, and taxonomy.[19]

Indigenous science scholars

See also

References
  1. Cajete, Gregory (2000). Native science : natural laws of interdependence. Clear Light Publishers. ISBN 1-57416-035-4. OCLC 610678710.
  2. Huntington, Henry P. (2000). "Using Traditional Ecological Knowledge in Science: Methods and Applications". Ecological Applications. 10 (5): 1270–1274. doi:10.1890/1051-0761(2000)010[1270:UTEKIS]2.0.CO;2. ISSN 1051-0761.
  3. Cajete, Gregory A. (17 November 2020). "Indigenous Science, Climate Change, and Indigenous Community Building: A Framework of Foundational Perspectives for Indigenous Community Resilience and Revitalization". Sustainability. 12 (22): 9569. doi:10.3390/su12229569. ISSN 2071-1050.
  4. Henri, Dominique A.; Provencher, Jennifer F.; Bowles, Ella; Taylor, Jessica J.; Steel, Jade; Chelick, Carmen; Popp, Jesse N.; Cooke, Steven J.; Rytwinski, Trina; McGregor, Deborah; Ford, Adam T.; Alexander, Steven M. (April 2021). "Weaving Indigenous knowledge systems and Western sciences in terrestrial research, monitoring and management in Canada: A protocol for a systematic map". Ecological Solutions and Evidence. 2 (2). doi:10.1002/2688-8319.12057. ISSN 2688-8319.
  5. Reynolds, Nathaniel; Romano, Marc (2013). "Traditional Ecological Knowledge: Reconstructing Historical Run Timing and Spawning Distribution of Eulachon through Tribal Oral History". Journal of Northwest Anthropology. 47 (1): 47–70.
  6. Nimmo, Evelyn R.; Carvalho, Alessandra I. de; Laverdi, Robson; Lacerda, André E. B. (2020). "Oral history and traditional ecological knowledge in social innovation and smallholder sovereignty: a case study of erva-mate in Southern Brazil". Ecology and Society. 25 (4): art17. doi:10.5751/ES-11942-250417. ISSN 1708-3087. S2CID 228904326.
  7. Ogawa, Masakata (1995). "Science education in a multiscience perspective". Science Education. 79 (5): 583–593. Bibcode:1995SciEd..79..583O. doi:10.1002/sce.3730790507. ISSN 0036-8326.
  8. Colorado, Pam (1 January 1988). "Bridging Native and Western Science". Convergence. 21 (2). ProQuest 1437894282 – via ProQuest.
  9. Johnson, Jay T.; Howitt, Richard; Cajete, Gregory; Berkes, Fikret; Louis, Renee Pualani; Kliskey, Andrew (2016). "Weaving Indigenous and sustainability sciences to diversify our methods". Sustainability Science. 11 (1): 1–11. doi:10.1007/s11625-015-0349-x. ISSN 1862-4065. S2CID 131199874.
  10. Stevenson, Marc G. (1996). "Indigenous Knowledge in Environmental Assessment". Arctic. 49 (3): 278–291. doi:10.14430/arctic1203. ISSN 0004-0843. JSTOR 40512004.
  11. Traditional ecological knowledge : concepts and cases. Julian Inglis, International Program on Traditional Ecological Knowledge, International Development Research Centre, International Association for the Study of Common Property. Meeting, Common Property Conference. Ottawa, Ont., Canada. 1993. ISBN 9780889366831. OCLC 137342338.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  12. Kadykalo, Andrew N.; Cooke, Steven J.; Young, Nathan (2021). "The role of western‐based scientific, Indigenous and local knowledge in wildlife management and conservation". People and Nature. 3 (3): 610–626. doi:10.1002/pan3.10194. ISSN 2575-8314. S2CID 233643643.
  13. Footen, Brian. "Darkness to Dawn: Columbia River Native Tribes' Science and Salmon Restoration Success". Native Case Studies. Retrieved 7 August 2022.
  14. Moller, H.; Berkes, F.; Lyver, P. O. B.; Kislalioglu, M. (2004). "Combining science and traditional ecological knowledge: monitoring populations for co-management". Ecology and Society. 9 (3). doi:10.5751/ES-00675-090302. JSTOR 26267682.
  15. Stumpff, Linda. "Hantavirus and the Navajo Nation: A Double Jeopardy Disease". Native Case Studies. Retrieved 7 August 2022.
  16. Stumpff, Linda. "Your Tribal Land is Not Secure: Traditional Knowledge and Science Face Wildfire in the Valley of the Wild Roses". Native Case Studies. Retrieved 7 August 2022.
  17. Nicholas, George (21 February 2018). "When Scientists "Discover" What Indigenous People Have Known For Centuries". Smithsonian. Retrieved 12 August 2022.
  18. "Enabling Resiliency in the Face of Climate Change: SmartICE is an award-winning technological innovation for the North". SmartIce. Retrieved 12 August 2022. We are the worldʼs first climate change adaptation tool to integrate traditional knowledge of sea ice with advanced data acquisition and remote monitoring technology. Our system combines these approaches to provide invaluable, data-driven insights into sea ice thickness and local ice conditions, in near real-time.
  19. Jessen, Tyler D; Ban, Natalie C; Claxton, Nicholas XEMŦOLTW; Darimont, Chris T (15 November 2021). "Contributions of Indigenous Knowledge to ecological and evolutionary understanding". Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment. Wiley. 20 (2): 93–101. doi:10.1002/fee.2435. ISSN 1540-9295. S2CID 244164214.
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