Drug policy of Missouri

As of 2020, the U.S. state of Missouri had the fourth highest rate of substance abuse in the United States.[1] The National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) surveyed that 7.7% of Missouri residents reported using illicit drugs.[2] The national average of drug abuse is 8.82%.[2] In addition, 2.99% of those people were reported using an illegal substance other than recreational marijuana.[2] Whilst the national average for recreational cannabis use is 3.6%.[2] Cannabis is the most abused drug in Missouri, followed by opioids, then methamphetamine.[3][4] Missouri is commonly known for its high rates of drug abuse during the Bush and Obama administrations.[2]

Former senator, John Ashcroft, meeting with Missouri state Law Enforcement to speak about the “Missouri Meth Crisis”.

To counteract drug abuse in Missouri, SAMHSA gave two grants worth a total of 66 million dollars to the Missouri Department of Mental Health, to cover building costs of rehabilitation centers.[5] In addition, The Department Of Mental Health launched a public education campaign to educate children about prescription drug addiction.[6] SAMHSA also created a drug abuse hotline to help addicts get treatment.[7] The United States government also created the “Keepin’ It REAL Program” as a replacement for the D.A.R.E. Program after it lost funding in 1998.[8] In addition, the Missouri State Highway Patrol reported to have arrested a total of 530,596 people for drug related crimes from the years 2001–2014.[9]

Cannabis usage

As of November 6, 2018, medical cannabis has been legalized in Missouri.[10] Recreational marijuana has not been legalized yet, but will be on ballots in the elections of 2022.[11]

Before July 1, 2021, it was illegal to have both a Medical Card and a CCW simultaneously in Missouri. But after legislators passed a law, it is now legal to obtain both.[12]

Methamphetamine usage

As of January 1, 2017, it is illegal to possess more than 24 grams of methamphetamine.[13] Though, this is only if the drugs were intended to be used recreationally, and is still legally used to treat ADHD.[13][14]

In 2019, Missouri was labeled "America's Meth Production Capital”, after a study carried out by rehabs.com found it to have the highest number of meth labs per capita.[15]

Nicotine usage

As of 2018, Missouri had the tenth highest rate of nicotine usage in the United States. Around 10% of Missourian youth smoke nicotine. If E-Cigarettes are included, then the rate of youth nicotine consumption goes up to 20%.[16] As of July 5th, 2022, Juul vapes were banned by the FDA from several U.S. states. It is likely that this will spread to other states, including Missouri[17]

On December 20, 2019, the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act was updated. This changed the minimum legal age to possess nicotine from 18 to 21.[18]

Use in sports

The state of Missouri officially banned the use of steroids and all other kinds of performance-enhancing substances on February 27, 1991, after the nationwide ban with the signing of the Anabolic Steroids Control Act of 1990.[19] It is considered cheating to use any kind of performance-enhancing drug in official sports.[20] If found guilty, one can face up to a $1000 fine, and up to a 2-year prison sentence.[20]

Prohibition

Before Prohibition, Missouri was the second largest wine-producing state in the nation, behind Kansas.[21] Prohibition caused Missouri's economy to take a hit, as large wineries like Stone Hill Winery were shut down during prohibition. vineyards were also uprooted, making it impossible to resume production in 1933, when alcohol bans were lifted.

Currently, there are no dry counties in the state of Missouri. In Missouri's constitution, dry counties were prohibited.[21] Missouri is not as strong in the wine industry nowadays, as the West Coast is more commercially dominant in wine production.[21]

See also

References
  1. lad3 (2020-05-13). "Drug Use by State: 2020's Problem Areas – WalletHub Study". Pennsylvania Office of Rural Health. Retrieved 2021-12-28.
  2. Abuse, National Institute on Drug (2020-04-03). "Missouri: Opioid-Involved Deaths and Related Harms". National Institute on Drug Abuse. Retrieved 2021-12-28.
  3. "Market Areas - Midwest HIDTA Drug Market Analysis". www.justice.gov. Retrieved 2021-12-28.
  4. "Opioids Dashboard | Missouri Department of Health & Senior Services". health.mo.gov. Retrieved 2021-12-28.
  5. "Opioid Crisis Response | dmh.mo.gov". dmh.mo.gov. Retrieved 2021-12-28.
  6. "Prescription Drug Misuse | dmh.mo.gov". dmh.mo.gov. Retrieved 2021-12-28.
  7. "SAMHSA's National Helpline | SAMHSA - Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration". www.samhsa.gov. Retrieved 2021-12-28.
  8. "keepin' it REAL | Youth.gov". youth.gov. Retrieved 2021-12-28.
  9. "Uniform Crime Reporting Drug Arrest". www.mshp.dps.missouri.gov. Retrieved 2021-12-28.
  10. "About Us | Health Services Regulation | Health & Senior Services". health.mo.gov. Retrieved 2022-09-11.
  11. "Recreational marijuana is on Missouri's ballot in November. Critics say to read the fine print". KCUR 89.3 - NPR in Kansas City. 2022-08-15. Retrieved 2022-09-11.
  12. "Missouri Law Restores Medical Marijuana Users' Second Amendment Rights". Reason Foundation. 2021-07-01. Retrieved 2022-09-11.
  13. "579.110". revisor.mo.gov. Retrieved 2022-09-11.
  14. "Methamphetamine (Oral Route) Description and Brand Names - Mayo Clinic". www.mayoclinic.org. Retrieved 2022-09-11.
  15. "Study ranks Missouri #1 in meth manufacturing". Columbia Daily Tribune. Retrieved 14 September 2022.
  16. "Tobacco Use Prevention and Control | Smoking and Tobacco | Health & Senior Services". health.mo.gov. Retrieved 2022-09-12.
  17. Commissioner, Office of the (2022-07-05). "FDA Denies Authorization to Market JUUL Products". FDA. Retrieved 2022-11-07.
  18. "Tobacco Regulations & Statutes | ATC". atc.dps.mo.gov. Retrieved 2022-09-12.
  19. "Anabolic Steroids". www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov. Retrieved 2022-09-11.
  20. Concannon, Marie. "Library Guides: Sports in Government Documents: Doping". libraryguides.missouri.edu. Retrieved 2022-09-11.
  21. "Augusta". www.govinfo.gov. Retrieved 2022-09-11.
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